US-G+Chapter+23

=Daniel: Boom Times= =Lindsay: Life in the Twenties= =Yura: A Creative Era=

Debate Notes (AGAINST)

Debate Notes (FOR)

1. Explain how principles of scientific management and technological innovations, including assembly lines, rapid transit, household appliances, radio, and movies, continued to transform production, work, and daily life.

Supported by Frederick W. Taylor, scientific management was an idea that theorized that every work could be broken down into smaller tasks. Using this theory, with some help from the technicians, Henry Ford developed a new production method using the assembly line. The assembly line made the work faster by making the workers stay in one place in front of a conveyor belt and dividing the tasks for the workers into different sections. The workers earned more wages and had shortened workdays. And by making more than before, the Ford Company was able to sell at a cheaper price. Other companies followed the steps of the Ford Company and soon joined the competition. Thus, more cheap products were produced, and more people were able to purchase automobiles.

Electrical appliances as well as automobiles changed even the household lives. Because the housewives were able to do the same work using electrical appliances, these people hired fewer domestic servants. The automobiles even simplified the works of the delivery service. The new products eventually created more unemployment.

As much as there were losses from the advent of automobiles, there were as much as positive effects. Horses disappeared, and trains and trolley cars were no longer regular. However, billboards, drive-in restaurants, filling stations, and tourist cabins appeared. Pollution, traffic jams, parking problems, and accidents occurred. In contrast, many families moved to suburbs and were still able to work in the city; it was easy to visit the countryside, and in the rural areas, people easily met their neighbors, went shopping, and enjoyed leisure activities.

Automobiles changed the life styles of many Americans. Now, when families planned on going on a trip, without the restriction of scheduled times of trains, they would get a guidebook and enjoy their trip whatever they want it to be. This type of trip or touring is called auto-touring. Using automobiles, people now easily go camping, fishing, and sightseeing. However, saying that families go to places wherever they want using automobiles is the same as saying that they are no longer enjoying the environment closest to their households because there are more things outside ones niche. Also, automobiles greatly changed the lives of the teenagers. Because they now have the access to many different places, they prefer going out with friends or lovers from going out with their own families. This is why no longer were the families able to go to the nearby parks or fields, together as a whole.

2. Examine the advent of mass advertising and sales techniques. In 1926, Alfred P. Sloan came up as another great competitor of automobiles at the time. Instead of producing inexpensive automobiles, Sloan, produced automobiles that were expensive and luxurious. He had to sell this using a different marketing skill, however. So he came up with the installment plan. The installment plan allows the consumers to pay the money for a good over time. This allowed many people purchase without paying for the money right away. Manufacturers also came up with an idea to increase their profit, which was called planned obsolescence. This was making a design that would soon be taken over by an up-to-date model. These, however, didn't turn out to be the best solution for the country. Some groups of people were buying too much goods with the installment. They still bought the up-to-date design despite they were in dept.

3. How did jazz and blues become popular nationwide? Jazz was originated in the South. It was a way the African Americans expressed their sorrows and sadness. Yet, in 1910, it moved to the North and became a popular genre of music. It was not only the African Americans who sang and produced jazz, but it was also combined with other types of American music. Therefore, it was soon a music that alleviated the sadness of all Americans and not just African Americans. Some famous pieces include, //Rhapsody in Blue, Mabel's Dream, Froggie Moore, and Savoy Blues.// One of the most famous jazz musician was Louis Armstrong, who enhanced jazz and traditional blues music. He played a big role in spreading jazz as he was respected as an artist and performed many solos. Jazz was able to become popular nationwide because there were great Jazz artists who were able to create music that was pleasant for any listener. As a result, due to the melodies created by artists such as Louis Armstrong became a great hit and spread nationwide. Moreover, jazz and blues became a a genre of music that was flexible in adding bits and pieces of other genres. As a result, it was as if various genres combines. Therefore, it attracted many listeners.