US-C+Chapter+23

 •Explain how principles of scientific management and technological innovations, including assembly lines, rapid transit, household appliances, radio, and movies, continued to transform production, work, and daily life.
 * The principles of scientific management and technological innovations continued to transform production, work and daily life because as innovations such as rapid transit and household appliances developed, many Americans received more free time in which they could do whatever they wished. With increase in free time, entertainment industry developed such as movies, radios, sports, literature, visual arts, automobiles and architecture which started to play a big influence in the society. Media is hugely responsible for such strong influence because during the 1920s, more people read the newspapers and magazines so more people became more affected by such “trend” and “innovations”. It allowed the Americans to have fun and enjoy music, art and freedom. Prior to such development, their working hours were incredibly long therefore they couldn’t find any time to socialize and enjoy such things. Some innovations such as automobiles, better house appliances made the lives of Americans much more convenient; however, some created problems within the society. Many people who favored the strict tradition became outraged because they believed that the people’s conduct were becoming wild and immoral. From movies arose censorship, which became a big issue. Technological innovations still continued to affect the society during the 1920s.**

•Examine the advent of mass advertising and sales techniques.
 * Alfred Slain’s installment plan was one of mass advertising used during the 1920s. It was when consumers were allowed to pay for their cars over time.To make goods more appealing, industrial designers create items that were pleasing to look as well as functional.** **Planned obsolesce was also used which allowed them to let designs of products to go out of style and make them up to date. ****Ads targeted on women and used psychology to play on consumer’s hopes and fears. Consumers used slogans, jingles, and celebrity testimonials to fix product names in customers’ minds as means of advertising their goods.**

•Analyze the role of transportation in changing urban life.
 * Transportation had both benefits and concerns in the urban life. BEnefits were People were able to go from one place to another. It also led them to auto-touring, which allowed them to go camping or have vacations. However, there were some concerns when family members no longer participated in family activities.**

•Examine the rise of religious fundamentalism and the clash between traditional moral values and changing ideas as exemplified in the controversy over Prohibition and the Scopes trial.
 * Fundamentalism was a** **­Protestant movement that was based on conservative approach to religious faith****, which occurred when Americans noticed society changing in the 1920s.** **Fundamentalists believed that t****raditional Christian Doctrine should be accepted without** **question and** **every word of the Bible should be regarded as true****. Fundamentalists** **attacked Christians who accepted modern scientific learnin****g.** **Controversy of Prohibition led to bootlegging, corruption, and violence. Ban of alcohol had caused crimes and loss of jobs. With the ban of alcohol, this led to widespread ban of law and order. Law –abided Americans have turned into lawbreakers.** **Scopes Trial exposed deep division in American society between traditional religious values and new values based on scientific thought.**

 •Assess how increased leisure time promoted the growth of professional sports, amusement parks, and national parks.
 * Technology had played a major role of popularity of professional sports during the time. Due to the development of radios, people would tune in to hear most the sporting events.**

•How did jazz and blues become popular nationwide?
 * Jazz and blues emerged from the 1900s. These two song genres were known for their new ragged or improvised tunes and contained heartfelt lyrics that echoed mood of the lyrics. During the late 1910s as African Americans moved northward, jazz and blues began to spread and musicians of different backgrounds incorporated jazz elements in their music. Jazz had influenced many musicians of the era and it even began to spread in Paris.**

•Examine the contributions of artists and writers of the Harlem Renaissance and assess their popularity.
 * Many creative African-Americans emerged during this time. One of them was Paul Robeson, who was praised for his role in Emperor Jones. Another famous actor was Rose McClendon who was famous for the role in Deep River. Other famous writers and poets include Langston Hughes, Nell Larsen, and Claude McKay who all wrote about their identity as African-Americans.**

•Explain the growth of distinctively American art and literature from the social realists to the “lost generation.”
 * The Lost Generation was the generation that felt the pointlessness and frustration of WWI. This mutual sentiment influenced the art and literature of the time. Art work began to depict loneliness and gloominess. Many of the settings would be in urban or city backgrounds. Literature expressed a sense of disillusionment. People were shocked and horrified with the war and the extent of mankind.**

•What were some of the major inspirations behind new movements in the visual arts and architecture?
 * Major inspirations included WWI, which deeply affected everyone after it was over. The horrors and deaths of war left creative writers, artists, and others to express these feelings in their work. Also, the expansion of city life and increase in the use of machinery affected art and architecture. They tried to show how it influenced daily life, both good ways and bad, and tried to make their creations efficient.**